Roman Numeral Converter
Type a number to get its Roman numeral, or a numeral to get the number, with each symbol’s value shown.
Digits turn into a numeral (1 to 3,999); letters I V X L C D M turn into a number.
In Roman numerals
MMXXVI
2,026 in Roman numerals is MMXXVI.
How Roman numerals work
Seven letters carry the values: I = 1, V = 5, X = 10, L = 50, C = 100, D = 500 and M = 1,000. Symbols are written from largest to smallest and added. To avoid four of a kind, six subtractive pairs put a smaller symbol before a larger one: IV = 4, IX = 9, XL = 40, XC = 90, CD = 400 and CM = 900.
To write a number, take the largest value that fits again and again. For 1994: M (1,000) leaves 994, CM (900) leaves 94, XC (90) leaves 4, IV (4) leaves 0, so 1994 is MCMXCIV.
To read one, go left to right and add each symbol, but subtract a symbol that stands before a larger one. Only I, X and C are ever subtracted, and only from the next two larger symbols, so IC for 99 is not standard; it is XCIX.
I 1 · V 5 · X 10 · L 50 · C 100 · D 500 · M 1000
- The standard form stops at 3,999 (MMMCMXCIX); larger numbers used a bar over a numeral to multiply it by 1,000, which has no standard plain-text form. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica, Roman numeral.
Roman numerals from 1 to 100, and landmark years
Counting to 20, the tens to 100, then the larger symbols and years.
| Number | Roman numeral |
|---|---|
| 1 | I |
| 2 | II |
| 3 | III |
| 4 | IV |
| 5 | V |
| 6 | VI |
| 7 | VII |
| 8 | VIII |
| 9 | IX |
| 10 | X |
Show all 36 rowsShow fewer
| 11 | XI |
| 12 | XII |
| 13 | XIII |
| 14 | XIV |
| 15 | XV |
| 16 | XVI |
| 17 | XVII |
| 18 | XVIII |
| 19 | XIX |
| 20 | XX |
| 30 | XXX |
| 40 | XL |
| 50 | L |
| 60 | LX |
| 70 | LXX |
| 80 | LXXX |
| 90 | XC |
| 100 | C |
| 400 | CD |
| 500 | D |
| 900 | CM |
| 1,000 | M |
| 1,999 | MCMXCIX |
| 2,000 | MM |
| 2,026 | MMXXVI |
| 3,999 | MMMCMXCIX |
Frequently Asked Questions
Why is 4 written IV and not IIII?
The standard form uses subtraction so no symbol repeats more than three times. IIII does appear on some clock faces by tradition, but IV is the form taught and used in writing.
Is there a Roman numeral for zero?
No. The system has no zero; medieval writers used the word nulla when they needed one.
How do I write this year in Roman numerals?
2026 is MMXXVI: MM (2,000) + XX (20) + VI (6). Type any year from 1 to 3,999 above to convert it.